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Docker Basic

Docker Basic Command

🐳
Docker
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Essential Docker commands and concepts for containerized application development. Master the fundamentals of Docker containers, images, and orchestration.

🐳 Core Concepts

  • Image: Lightweight, standalone, executable package containing code, runtime, system tools, and OS
  • Container: Runnable instance of an image, representing a specific execution environment
  • Volume: Persistent data storage mechanism, ensuring data durability even if containers are stopped or removed
  • Network: Facilitates connectivity between Docker containers

🔧 Essential Commands

Container Operations

  • docker build -t <image_name>: Build a Docker image
  • docker images: View Docker images
  • docker ps: View running containers
  • docker ps -a: View all containers
  • docker prune: Remove all idle containers
  • docker rm <container_id>: Delete a container

Running Containers

  • docker run -p <host_port>:<container_port> <image_name>: Run a container
  • docker run -p <host_port>:<container_port> -v "$(pwd):/app" -v /app/node_modules <image_name>: Run a container with live code updates

📄 Dockerfile Example

FROM node:20-alpine

WORKDIR /app

COPY . .

CMD node hello.js
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🎼 Docker Compose

Docker Compose simplifies multi-container Docker applications:

  • Define services in a YAML file (docker-compose.yaml)
  • Use docker compose up to start services defined in the configuration
  • Use docker compose watch for development, syncing changes and rebuilding containers as necessary

Docker Compose Configuration

services:
  web:
    build:
      context: .
    ports:
      - 5173:5173
    volumes:
      - .:/app
      - /app/node_modules
    develop:
      watch:
        - path: ./frontend/package.json
          action: rebuild
        - path: ./frontend/package-lock.json
          action: rebuild
        - path: ./frontend
          target: /app
          action: sync
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🔄 Docker Compose Watch Mode

Enables live development and testing by automatically syncing changes, rebuilding, and restarting containers:

docker compose watch

💡 Best Practices

  • Use .dockerignore to exclude unnecessary files
  • Keep images lightweight with multi-stage builds
  • Use specific version tags instead of latest
  • Regularly clean up unused containers and images

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